DSSI
Perma-Fix's Diversified Scientific Services, Inc. (DSSI) facility has the capability
to destroy a wide range of liquid mixed and radioactive wastes using a licensed
combustion process. The DSSI facility has over a decade of mixed waste treatment
experience, since issuance of a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Part
B Permit in 1989. This facility operates the only commercial mixed waste combustion
unit in the United Stateswith TSCA treatment authorization from the EPA Region 4
to manage TSCA regulated PCB contaminated radioactive wastes. This authorization
is the first and only commercial outlet for radioactive PCB waste treatment and
disposal that had not previously been available to commercial generators. The DSSI
facility is complementary to other Perma-Fix treatment facilities and provides final
destruction of liquids separated from solid wastes. The contaminants in the waste
are either completely destroyed or bound to meet land disposal restrictions (LDR)
criteria. Perma-Fix disposes of all combustion byproducts and no secondary wastes
are returned to the customer.
To expand the types of wastes acceptable for processing through the combustion system,
a liquefaction unit is employed. Solid or semi-solid materials can be converted
to a liquid state using high shear mechanical mixers, homogenizers, and mills. The
materials are reduced in size and create a colloidal suspension with the free liquid
resulting in a pumpable liquid waste that can be combusted in accordance with EPA
requirements.
Acceptable Wastes for Combustion
Perma-Fix’s DSSI facility is permitted to receive mixed wastes with waste
code designations of
D, F, K, P, and U; TSCA regulated liquid PCB’s; low-level
radioactive wastes; and used oil.
Acceptable wastes include:
- Radioactive PCB’s
- Radioactive oils and sludges
- Solvents (halogenated and non-halogenated)
- Organic-bearing aqueous wastes
- Ignitable, corrosive liquids
- Used oil
Combustion Process
Combustion in DSSI’s direct-fired boiler industrial furnace (BIF) meets the provisions
of 40 CFR 266 and is applicable for destruction of many liquid mixed and radioactive
waste streams. Wastes are sampled and analyzed prior to processing, and then blended
to control concentrations of contaminants and optimize processing parameters.
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The boiler system is designed and operated to combust waste liquids and propane
gas as fuel sources. It provides direct energy conversion and recovery by placing
waste fuel combustion flue gases in contact with the “fire tubes” of a steam generator.
The water outside these tubes is converted to steam that is subsequently converted
to electrical power through a turbine-induction motor generator system.
In addition, the Perma-Fix/DSSI facility can accommodate drum quantities or large
bulk (tanker) quantities of liquid wastes. The facility tank farm has the capacity
to store 30,000 gallons of liquid wastes. The tanks are used for storage and to
allow for blending of the wastes prior to processing.
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DSSI Licenses & Permits
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DSSI Facility RCRA Part B Permit
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Issued September 26, 2000
Expiration Date: September 26, 2017
Issued by the State of Tennessee Department of Environment
and Conservation, Division of Solid Waste Management
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DSSI Facility Radioactive Materials License
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Issued: December 30, 1999
Expiration Date: August 31, 2014
Issued by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Radiological
Health
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DSSI Facility TSCA Authorization
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Issued: November 26, 2008
Expiration Date: November 26, 2013
Issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4
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Diversified Scientific Services, Inc.
657 Gallaher Rd
Kingston, TN 37763
Phone: (865) 376-0084
Fax: (865) 376-0087
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Normal Hours of Operation
The normal office hours are Monday through Friday 8:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.m. (EST)
All deliveries to DSSI should arrive during normal office hours, unless otherwise
authorized by DSSI Customer Service.
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Directions
From Interstate 40, take the Gallaher Road Exit (number 356A if you are westbound,
356 B if you are eastbound). Turn north on Gallaher road. The DSSI entrance is marked
by a sign and is a left (west) turn off of Gallaher road approximately 0.04 miles
from the interstate exit.
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View Larger Map
1. Prior Notification
- A Shipper shall inform DSSI Customer Service via telephone or FAX of a shipment. This
notification should be made as close as possible to the time of departure, but shall always
be made prior to the shipment arrival at DSSI. The notification shall include the DSSI
shipment approval number, the date/time of departure, and the scheduled date/time of
arrival.
- Prior notifications, if required by local, state, or federal regulations are the
responsibility of the shipper.
2. Off-loading Schedule
- All arriving shipments shall be off-loaded as promptly as practical, in accordance with
DSSI's work schedule and is subject to the resolution of any discrepancies.
- Special shipments shall be off-loaded in accordance with contractual or other
arrangements made in advance.
3. Driver Check-In Procedure
- Present shipment papers to the security guard at the DSSI guardhouse.
- The security guard will notify the Plant Manager or designee of the shipment's arrival.
- The security guard will inspect the truck, brief the driver and complete the reported
security paperwork to allow the driver to enter the controlled area with the shipment.
- The driver will position the truck as instructed by plant personnel to facilitate
survey and off-loading.
- While inside the DSSI controlled area, the driver shall remain inside the vehicle, the
lunch trailer of be escorted by a DSSI employee at all times. The driver will not be
allowed to enter the cargo-carrying portion of the transport vehicle until it has been
radiologically surveyed by DSSI personnel.
- Samples being delivered to DSSI via an express carrier (i.e. Federal Express or
Airborne Express) will be given to the security guard, who will contact Health Physics
immediately to inform them of the receipt.
4. Delays
- DSSI shall not be reponsible for transport equipment detention/demurrage charges
assessed by the carrier. Payment of detention and/or demurrage charges is the
responsibility of the customer unless otherwise expressly provided for in the contract.
- DSSI assumes no responsibility for transport equipment delays or special detention
charges assessed by the carried due to weather delays, improper paperwork, special
shipments, non-routine off-loads, decontaminating vehicles or containers, violation of
Federal and/or State requirements, or any other shipment discrepancies.
5. Equipment Storage and Return
- Unless otherwise specified by prior arrangement, all authorized and conforming material
associated with the shipment (containers, etc.) will become the property of DSSI and will
be disposed of appropriately.
- Loading, storage or exchange of containers and blocking/bracing material for third
parties will not be normally accommodated at DSSI. Special arrangements may be made by
contacting DSSI Customer Service.
- Packaging or blocking and bracing material in excess of the minimum required to meet
regulatory standards may be subject to a handling and disposal surcharge.
1. A Waste Profile Sheet must be submitted and approved for each
waste stream.
2. Analytical results pursuant to the most current revision of
Reference 2.3 must be available and agreed upon by DSSI and the customer. Determined on a
case-by-case basis, DSSI may waive this requirement.
3. A signed contract, approved Purchase Order, or other binding
correspondence acceptable to DSSI must be in place. Such documentation shall explicitly
address compliance with conditions 29 & 30 of Reference 2.1
4. Each shipper of radioactive waste to DSSI, unless otherwise
exempted by the State of Tennessee, shall possess a current Tennessee Radioactive Waste
License-for-Delivery. Generators may contract broker services to meet this requirement
provided the contracted Broker possesses a current License-for-Delivery.
5. A completed copy of the Radioactive Shipment Manifest shall be
forwarded to DSSI for review. A copy of a Radioactive Shipment Manifest can be obtained
from DSSI Customer Service.
6. Each shipment of waste is required to have a DSSI shipment
approval number in writing. This number is obtained by contacting DSSI customer Service.
Any shipment arriving without a DSSI shipment approval number will NOT be accepted.
DSSI will analyze samples in accordance with Reference 2.3 only and NOT FOR THE PURPOSE OF
CHARACTERIZING WASTE STREAMS. Unless previously agreed upon, the sample residuals will be
returned to the generator upon completion of analysis.
Do you Need to Send A Sample? For Fuel
Blending: DSSI requires fuel blending analysis results specified in item 7 or
Reference 2.3. The generator can provide this information to DSSI using one of the three
alternatives listed below:
- The generator has the required information or can obtain the information and provide it
to DSSI prior to making the shipment.
- The generator sends a representative sample of the waste for each waste profile for
analysis at DSSI prior to making the shipment.
- The generator requests sample analysis of each waste profile upon receipt of the waste
shipment at DSSI. The alternative may result in the rejection of the waste by DSSI, if it
is determined that the waste cannot be treated at DSSI (for example the waste contains EPA
Waste Codes D008 only and has a BTU content of less than 5000 BTUs per pound).
For Solids:
Prior to approving solids for treatment, DSSI must ensure that material has the necessary
combustible content and that it can be made amenable to pumping. If this cannont be
determined by reviewing the profile, DSSI will request that a sample be sent to DSSI for
evaluation.
Instructions for Submitting Samples
DSSI will analyze samples in accordance with Reference 2.3 only and NOT FOR THE PURPOSE OF
CHARACTERIZING WASTE STREAMS. Unless previously agreed upon, the sample residuals will be
returned to the generator upon completion of analysis.
- Contact DSSI Customer Service and submit the completed first page of the DSSI Waste
Profile Sheet.
- Submit a list of the radionuclides and the associated activities for each sample to be
sent to DSSI, which DSSI Customer Service will forward to the Radiation Safety Officer.
- DSSI Customer Service will assign waste profile numbers and authorize the sample
shipment. These numbers must be placed on the respective sample container labels and the
Chain of Custody - Analysis Request Form.
- The outside of the sample shipping package shall be marked "Sample check-in, contact
Health Physics upon receipt".
- Reference 2.1, Reference 2.2 and Part 261.4(d) of Reference 2.4 shall be complied with
when shipping samples to DSSI.
- An executed DSSI Chain of Custody - Analysis Request Form and any documentation
required in accordance with Reference 2.2 shall accompany the sample shipment.
- A purchase order or other financially binding written agreement is in place which also
addresses the condition 30 requirements of Reference 2.1
- I. The preferred method of packaging is 55 gallon steel closed top drums with bung
caps. If open top drums are used the lid shall have bung caps.
POLYETHYLENE, FIBER AND PALLETIZED DRUMS MAY BE ACCEPTED WITH PRIOR AUTHORIZATION.
- II. If a package is overpacked, DSSI requests the following specific information in
advance:
Number and size of inner containers Size of overpack (i.e. 85 gallon)
- III. Unless the internal container is visible through the overpack, both the overpack
and the inner container must be marked and labeled
- IV. Unless otherwise provided for in advance of shipment, any shoring used in bins or
overpacks shall be returned to the generator with the bin or overpack.
- V. Absorbent material should not be used. If absorbent material must be used and the
material cannot be managed by DSSI it will be rejected and returned to the generator, at
the generator's expense, as non-conforming material.
- VI. All packages and overpacks are to be durably and legibly marked and labeled in
accordance with Reference 2.2.
- VII. Hazardous Waste labels shall be fully completed with all entries filled out. An
example of a completed Hazardous Waste label is shown in Appendix E.
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Accepted RCRA Waste Codes
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-
D Codes
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F Codes
-
K Codes
-
P Codes
-
U Codes
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Acceptable Waste Types
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D Codes
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D001
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D002
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D003
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D004
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D005
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D006
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D007
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D008
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D009
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D010
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D011
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D012
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D013
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D014
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D015
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D016
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D017
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D018
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D019
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D020
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D021
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D022
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D023
|
D024
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D025
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D026
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D027
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D028
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D029
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D030
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D031
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D032
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D033
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D034
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D035
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D036
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D037
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D038
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D039
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D040
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D041
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D042
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D043
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F Codes
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F001
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F002
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F003
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F004
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F005
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F006
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F007
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F008
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F009
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F010
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F011
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F012
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F019
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F024
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F025
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F028
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F032
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F034
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F035
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F037
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F038
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F039
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K Codes
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K001
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K002
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K003
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K004
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K005
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K006
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K007
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K008
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K009
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K010
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K011
|
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K013
|
K014
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K015
|
K016
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K017
|
K018
|
K019
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K020
|
K021
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K022
|
K023
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K024
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K025
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K026
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K027
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K028
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K029
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K030
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K031
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K032
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K033
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K034
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K035
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K036
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K037
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K038
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K039
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K040
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K041
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K042
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K043
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K044
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K045
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K046
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K047
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K048
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K049
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K050
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K051
|
K052
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K060
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K061
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K062
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K064
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K065
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K066
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K069
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K071
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K073
|
K083
|
K084
|
K085
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K086
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K087
|
K088
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K090
|
K091
|
K093
|
K094
|
K095
|
K096
|
K097
|
K098
|
K099
|
K100
|
K101
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K102
|
K103
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K104
|
K105
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K106
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K107
|
K108
|
K109
|
K110
|
K111
|
K112
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K113
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K114
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K115
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K116
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K117
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K118
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K123
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K124
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K125
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K126
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K131
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K132
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K136
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K141
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K142
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K143
|
K144
|
K145
|
K147
|
K148
|
K149
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K150
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K151
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P Codes
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P001
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P002
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P003
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P004
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P005
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P006
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P007
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P008
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P009
|
P010
|
P011
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|
P012
|
P013
|
P014
|
P015
|
P016
|
P017
|
P018
|
P020
|
P021
|
P022
|
P023
|
|
P024
|
P026
|
P027
|
P028
|
P029
|
P030
|
P031
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P033
|
P034
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P036
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P037
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|
P038
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P039
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P040
|
P041
|
P042
|
P043
|
P044
|
P045
|
P046
|
P047
|
P048
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|
P049
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P050
|
P051
|
P054
|
P056
|
P057
|
P058
|
P059
|
P060
|
P062
|
P063
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|
P064
|
P065
|
P066
|
P067
|
P068
|
P069
|
P070
|
P071
|
P072
|
P073
|
P074
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|
P075
|
P076
|
P077
|
P078
|
P081
|
P082
|
P084
|
P085
|
P087
|
P088
|
P089
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|
P092
|
P093
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P094
|
P095
|
P096
|
P097
|
P098
|
P099
|
P101
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P102
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P103
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|
P104
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P105
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P106
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P108
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P109
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P110
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P111
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P112
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P113
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P114
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P115
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P116
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P118
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P119
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P120
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P121
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P122
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P123
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U Codes
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U001
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U002
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U003
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U004
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U005
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U006
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U007
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U008
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U009
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U010
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U011
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|
U012
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U014
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U015
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U016
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U017
|
U018
|
U019
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U020
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U021
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U022
|
U023
|
|
U024
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U025
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U026
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U027
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U028
|
U029
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U030
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U031
|
U032
|
U033
|
U034
|
|
U035
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U036
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U037
|
U038
|
U039
|
U041
|
U042
|
U043
|
U044
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U045
|
U046
|
|
U047
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U048
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U049
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U050
|
U051
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U052
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U053
|
U055
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U056
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U057
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U058
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|
U059
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U060
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U061
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U062
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U063
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U064
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U066
|
U067
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U068
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U069
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U070
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|
U071
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U072
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U073
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U074
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U075
|
U076
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U077
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U078
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U079
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U080
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U081
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|
U082
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U083
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U084
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U085
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U086
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U087
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U088
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U089
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U090
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U091
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U092
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|
U093
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U094
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U095
|
U096
|
U097
|
U098
|
U099
|
U101
|
U102
|
U103
|
U105
|
|
U106
|
U107
|
U108
|
U109
|
U110
|
U111
|
U112
|
U113
|
U114
|
U115
|
U116
|
|
U117
|
U118
|
U119
|
U120
|
U121
|
U122
|
U123
|
U124
|
U125
|
U126
|
U127
|
|
U128
|
U129
|
U130
|
U131
|
U132
|
U133
|
U134
|
U135
|
U136
|
U137
|
U138
|
|
U140
|
U141
|
U142
|
U143
|
U144
|
U145
|
U146
|
U147
|
U148
|
U149
|
U150
|
|
U151
|
U152
|
U153
|
U154
|
U155
|
U156
|
U157
|
U158
|
U159
|
U160
|
U161
|
|
U162
|
U163
|
U164
|
U165
|
U166
|
U167
|
U168
|
U169
|
U170
|
U171
|
U172
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|
U173
|
U174
|
U176
|
U177
|
U178
|
U179
|
U180
|
U181
|
U182
|
U183
|
U184
|
|
U185
|
U186
|
U187
|
U188
|
U189
|
U190
|
U191
|
U192
|
U193
|
U194
|
U196
|
|
U197
|
U200
|
U201
|
U202
|
U203
|
U204
|
U205
|
U206
|
U207
|
U208
|
U209
|
|
U210
|
U211
|
U213
|
U214
|
U215
|
U216
|
U217
|
U218
|
U219
|
U220
|
U221
|
|
U222
|
U223
|
U225
|
U226
|
U227
|
U228
|
U234
|
U235
|
U236
|
U237
|
U238
|
|
U239
|
U240
|
U243
|
U244
|
U246
|
U247
|
U248
|
U249
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U328
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U353
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U359
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Accepted Waste Types
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Aqueous and organic liquids and solvents (halogenated or non-halogenated)
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Fyrquel
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Pumpable paint
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Pumpable solids
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Radioactive only used oil
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Radioactively contaminated cleaning liquids
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Scintilllation Liquids
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Various other liquid radioactive only and mixed wastes
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